ESPA4 membranes require ultra-low pressures without compromising standards for high flux and high salt rejection. ESPA4 membrane has been commonly used in drinking water production from well and surface waters in the water treatment industry. It is widely accepted due to significant operational cost savings associated with their use. Due to their ultra-low feed pressure requirement, ESPA4 membranes have been accepted as a standard in the second pass of two-pass reverse osmosis systems.
Unit of Measure
Product Performance
Membrane Product |
N/A ESPA4 |
Permeate Flow |
N/A 2350 gal/d8.9 m³/d |
Normal Salt Rejection |
N/A 99.2 % |
Minimum Salt Rejection |
N/A 99.0 % |
Membrane Active Area |
N/A 80 ft²7.4 m² |
Applications
Applications |
N/A
|
Additional Information
Additional Information |
N/A
The ESPA4 membranes are available in the LD variant wherein low differential LD Technology® is used to minimize colloidal fouling when used with conventional pre-treatment equipment. These membranes offer consistently low feed pressures and longer intervals between cleanings. Additionally, the ESPA2, ESPAB and ESPA4 membranes are available in the MAX variant which have a 440 ft² (40.9 m²) active membrane surface area. The increased membrane area can reduce capital costs by requiring fewer pressure vessels and less floor space. |
